Which tractor sprayer for the field to choose

Usually, sprayers are used in a complex of works in the field during planting and then during the growing season of various crops. The need for spraying is more acute in regions with warm and hot climates. Although pests, unlike cultivated crops, adapt well to any climatic conditions. In addition to the main function - spraying, mineral fertilizers are also applied with the help of this unit. Deciding which tractor sprayer for the field to choosedepends on several factors. Familiarization with them, with the features of the methods and methods of processing plants will help to clearly understand which choice is right for you, and by making the right choice, get the maximum effect from using this equipment.

So, sprayers fight plant pests and apply liquid fertilizers to the soil. But some models are also adapted for watering crops and plants.

How the design of the sprayer affects its functionality

Usually, the design of the sprayer is simple - it is a pump, a rod or a fan - depending on the technology of work, and a reservoir for the sprayed liquid.

The

Tractor shaft PTO drives the pump, which delivers a solution or other liquid consistency material for spraying or application to the ground. In this case, the solution in the tank is continuously mixed using a hydraulic unit. which is necessary for the same concentration in the whole mass. In different models of sprayers, the volume of the tank and the material from which it is made may differ.

In the case of fertilization, the applied mass from the tank is fed through the filter, then through the pump and then to the distribution block, with the preliminary passage of pressure regulators , and finally reaches the spray nozzles. Some models have a level indicator of the remaining mass in the tank, which is convenient for timely replenishment.

This is a schematic diagram of the sprayer, so to speak, from the inside, but these units have more noticeable characteristic differences externally and according to them they are divided into types and types.

Sprayer types

They are divided primarily by the method of attachment to the tractor.

This type of sprayer is attached to the tractor using a special hitch of the standard chassis of the tractor. Therefore, such a sprayer is called a mounted sprayer.

Mounted sprayers are used to treat wide swaths, 12-18 m in size (the width depends on the length of the boom) as well as for the protective treatment of tall plants (sunflower, corn). To cultivate a field with strips of this width and a standard spraying area of several hundred hectares, mounted sprayers usually install tanks with a capacity of 400 - 800 liters. Of the advantages of this type of unit, it is worth noting its greater maneuverabilityin comparison with trailed sprayers.

The implement that is attached to the tractor with a hitch is called a trailed sprayer.

At the same time, trailed sprayers remain the most popular among farms, apparently not least due to the even greater coverage width - their swaths are 18-36 m in size. The volume of the tank, respectively, is 2 -4 m³. Large productivity involves the use of trailed sprayers on the fields of large agricultural firms. But in addition to processing trailed models of large areas with their help, this type of unit has less pressure on the ground, trailed sprayers are usually more cost-effective, have more modern equipment and automated process control (solution flow control and spray intensity). These sprayers also have a fairly robust design and are environmentally friendly in operation.

A unit with good maneuverability due to its compactness and the ability to move itself across the field is called a self-propelled sprayer.

Self-propelled sprayers are convenient for those. that they work autonomously, without a tractor-tractor. And also do not require frequent refueling of their containers. This type of sprayer is more often used for fertilization and for watering plants. Farmers often notice that self-propelled units are much more expensive than mounted and trailed "brothers", but if you take into account the cost of the last two, the cost of the tractor involved is also taken into account. then the self-propelled sprayer will be cheaper, and the tractor will be free for other functions.

Already from the above differences of different types of sprayers, you can make a decision, taking into account your land areas and crop rotation plans.

Distinction by type of processing

If the size of the cultivated area determines the tank volumes of sprayers, then depending on the climatic features of your region and the range of plants grown, the following division of aggregates according to the method of spraying and as a result will help determine choice in more detail.

Spraying can be done in slotted, low volume and ultra low volume types.

The slotted method (using a special shaped nozzle) is considered to be more progressive and less dependent on weather conditions (we are talking about strong gusts of wind that can change the spraying pattern by provoking both over-treatment with chemicals and leaving untreated "spots" on the field, in case of strong gusts, a subspecies is used - injector - for not spraying, but injection with forced pressure. For slot sprayers, the speed of the sprayer should be equal to 6 - 8 km / h, and for injection - respectively from 8 to 25 km / h.When applying pesticides, the required speed is up to 16 km / h.

The result is achieved by not spraying the solution wide, but by supplying it in a single beam, which makes the process highly accurate and allows not to overuse materials.

Low volume means drip spray, while ultra-low volume means very small droplets. At the same time, due to the small amounts of liquid in each individual drop, it does not drain from the surface of the leaves, but washes the plant, soaking into its structure. With ultra-low volume, this "fixing" of the liquid on the plants is even more enhanced, which is important for plants with a small surface area of their stems and leaves.

However, in some branded models, the international classification BCPC (British Crop Protection Council|British Crop Protection Council) is used, which suggests such a gradation in droplet size: very small, small, medium, large, very large, extraordinarily large, and the presence on the market for plant pest control equipment manufactured according to this classification with appropriate distribution systems in them.

For example, Lechler manufactures units marked: ID, IDN, IDK, IDKN and IDKT for liquid fertilizers and for protective solutions in the category "extra large drops" . The company's product range includes sprayers for installations "for large drops" and in the category "medium" - they are used for fertilization and for measures against the demolition of plants under the influence of weather phenomena. And they also produce nozzles with “fine drops”, very fine double flat jet and polo-cone, deflector and five-jet > (for liquid fertilizers).

There is one more characteristic of the sprayer that can influence your choice. This is clearance height. For undersized plants, it should be small. and for high - vice versa. That is, everything depends not on the clearance, but on the list of grown plants.

Rated range of sprayers

The list of branded companies that specialize in the production of sprayers or their individual components is extensive, here are: Kuhn, Lemken, Amazone, Berthoud, Kverneland, Worthington, Quivogne, Hardi, John Deere, Horsch, Great Plains, Challenger, Case IH, HOUSEHAM. But let's start with the firm "Lvovagromashproekt".

Ours are also branded

The company produces trailed sprayers, which, in addition to pest control, also apply mineral fertilizers. The design of the unit consists of standard components: mechanism spray system, reservoir for spray or applied material, boom with hydraulics and chassis. The unit is not self-propelled and requires a tractor-tractor.

In total, the company produces five models-modifications: trailed boom sprayers OPSh-3521, OPSh-24-18, OPSh-3524, OPSh-24-21 and trailed fan sprayer OVP-2000. Models differ in tank volumes, pump power and rod length.

In addition to the standard configuration, it is possible to supply additional systems, assemblies and blocks: mixer for preparing a solution, purge system for cleaning sprayers, LED backlight for working at night, injector type sprayers for high wind conditions. One of three control options can be installed in the unit - automatic, remote or manual using the remote control. The units are equipped with both Ukrainian and foreign components from branded companies. The delivery package also includes warranty and post-warranty maintenance.

Sprayers from Lvovagromashproekt work effectively in all climatic conditions.

And other top brand companies

The importance of plant treatment for pest control is evidenced by the number of agricultural machinery brand manufacturers that produce these units. In addition, the pest control operation itself is not a one-time operation. but requires rhythm and repetition throughout each season. At the same time, it is important to apply the solution and mineral fertilizers in accurately measured portions and evenly over the entire area of crops. Therefore, not only the size of the crop, but also its environmental friendliness depends on the quality of the sprayers.

Developers of company Kverneland: have always focused on increasing the efficiency of agribusiness while reducing production costs. And almost the entire range of sprayers from Kverneland (Explorer A-28, Explorer B-36, Premium, Phoenix C-50, Explorer AirPlus) meet these challenges.

While Worthington does not manufacture sprayers themselves, they have a large list of accessories for sprayers in their extensive range.

Manufacturers companies Quivogne and Lemken have a variety of models and modifications in the list of sprayers they produce. but despite the difference in their technical parameters, they all qualitatively confirm their well-known high level and compete on equal terms with their rivals.

Company Hardi is more specialized in sprayers for gardens. Perhaps this is due to. that the founder of the company had previously been in the horticultural business and was well acquainted with the problems of fruit trees.

self-propelled sprayers from Kuhn (France) have an original feature - they are assembled mainly in Brazil, and are recognized as the best in both American continents.

Technologically, the sprayers produced by the world's leading manufacturer of agricultural machinery brand John Deere, distinguishes as always exceptional reliability in terms of trouble-free unit design and ruthless pest control without damaging the plant itself.

Perhaps the sprayers from companiesHorsch, are inferior to their competitors in some way, but at the same time they have rather positive technical indicators in the work they produce technology.

Products for agribusiness manufactured by company Great Plains are generally known for their ultra-precise measured nodes and details, which implies the same accuracy in the performance of the technique of its functions. This statement is also true for the spraying units of this company.

The function of equipment from the company Challenger in addition to spraying also includes the application of mineral fertilizers, and they cope with both functions quite successfully.

Exceptional level of quality in products in general and in sprayers in particular from company Case. At the same time, the thoughtfulness of every detail and every nuance in them is felt.

Products in this section of agricultural machinery companies Amazone meet the highest requirements, although this is not surprising, because Amazon constantly takes care of this.